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Òåîðèÿ, Ýëåêòðîíèêà: Electrical Circuit Theory and Technology. Fourth edition
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Ïðîñìîòðîâ: 2050 äîáàâèë: Nikey 18-12-2010, 13:42
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Íàçâàíèå: Electrical Circuit Theory and Technology. Fourth edition
Àâòîð: John O. Bird
Èçäàòåëüñòâî: Newnes
Ãîä: 2010
Ñòðàíèö: 742
ßçûê: Àíãëèéñêèé
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A fully comprehensive text for courses in electrical principles, circuit theory, and electrical technology, providing 800 worked examples and over 1000 further problems for students to work through at their own pace. This book is ideal for students studying engineering for the first time as part of BTEC National and other pre-degree vocational courses (especially where progression to higher levels of study is likely), as well as Higher Nationals, Foundation Degrees and first year undergraduate modules.
Now in its third edition, this best-selling textbook has been updated with developments in key areas such as semiconductors, transistors, and fuel cells, along with brand new material on ABCD parameters and Fourier's Analysis. Greater emphasis is placed on real-world situations in order to ensure the reader can relate the theory to actual engineering practice. In addition, the text has been restructured throughout so that 175 Exercises now appear at regular intervals, which the student can work through to test their learning of essential concepts and check their progress.
* New edition brought fully up to date with developments in key areas such as semiconductors, transistors, and fuel cells, containing brand new material on ABCD parameters and Fourier's Analysis.
* Real-world examples maximise relevance to actual engineering practice for the student reader
* Extensive Solutions Manual now available online (700 worked solutions)
Contents:
Preface
Part 1 Basic electrical engineering principles
1 Units associated with basic electrical quantities
1.1 SI units
1.2 Charge
1.3 Force
1.4 Work
1.5 Power
1.6 Electrical potential and e.m.f.
1.7 Resistance and conductance
1.8 Electrical power and energy
1.9 Summary of terms, units and their symbols
2 An introduction to electric circuits
2.1 Standard symbols for electrical components
2.2 Electric current and quantity of electricity
2.3 Potential difference and resistance
2.4 Basic electrical measuring instruments
2.5 Linear and non-linear devices
2.6 Ohm's law
2.7 Multiples and sub-multiples
2.8 Conductors and insulators
2.9 Electrical power and energy
2.10 Main effects of electric current
2.11 Fuses
2.12 Insulation and the dangers of constant high current flow
3 Resistance v ariation
3.1 Resistor construction
3.2 Resistance and resistivity
3.3 Temperature coefficient of resistance
3.4 Resistor colour coding and ohmic values
4 Batteries and alternativ e sources of energy
4.1 Introduction to batteries
4.2 Some chemical effects of electricity
4.3 The simple cell
4.4 Corrosion
4.5 E.m.f. and internal resistance of a cell
4.6 Primary cells
4.7 Secondary cells
4.8 Cell capacity
4.9 Safe disposal of batteries
4.10 Fuel cells
4.11 Alternative and renewable energy sources
Revision Test 1
5 Series and parallel networks
5.1 Series circuits
5.2 Potential divider
5.3 Parallel networks
5.4 Current division
5.5 Loading effect
5.6 Potentiometers and rheostats
5.7 Relative and absolute voltages
5.8 Earth potential and short circuits
5.9 Wiring lamps in series and in parallel
6 Capacitors and capacitance
6.1 Introduction to capacitors
6.2 Electrostatic field
6.3 Electric field strength
6.4 Capacitance
6.5 Capacitors
6.6 Electric flux density
6.7 Permittivity
6.8 The parallel plate capacitor
6.9 Capacitors connected in parallel and series
6.10 Dielectric strength
6.11 Energy stored
6.12 Practical types of capacitor
6.13 Discharging capacitors
7 Magnetic circuits
7.1 Introduction to magnetism and magnetic circuits
7.2 Magnetic fields
7.3 Magnetic flux and flux density
7.4 Magnetomotive force and magnetic field strength
7.5 Permeability and B-H curves
7.6 Reluctance
7.7 Composite series magnetic circuits
7.8 Comparison between electrical and magnetic quantities
7.9 Hysteresis and hysteresis loss
Revision Test 2
8 Electromagnetism
8.1 Magnetic field due to an electric current
8.2 Electromagnets
8.3 Force on a current-carrying conductor
8.4 Principle of operation of a simple dc. motor
8.5 Principle of operation of a moving coil-instrument
8.6 Force on a charge
9 Electromagnetic induction
9.1 Introduction to electromagnetic induction
9.2 Laws of electromagnetic induction
9.3 Rotation of a loop in a magnetic field
9.4 Inductance
9.5 Inductors
9.6 Energy stored
9.7 Inductance of a coil
9.8 Mutual inductance
10 Electrical measuring instruments and measurements
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Analogue instruments
10.3 Moving-iron instrument
10.4 The moving-coil rectifier instrument
10.5 Comparison of moving-coil, moving-iron and moving-coil rectifier instruments
10.6 Shunts and multipliers
10.7 Electronic instruments
10.8 The ohm meter
10.9 Multimeters
10.10 Wattmeters
10.11 Instrument'loading'effect
10.12 The oscilloscope
10.13 Virtual test and measuring instruments
10.14 Virtual digital storage oscilloscopes
10.15 Waveform harmonics
10.16 Logarithmic ratios
10.17 Null method of measurement
10.18 Wheatstone bridge
10.19 D.C. potentiometer
10.20 A.C. bridges
10.21 Measurementerrors
11 Semiconductor diodes
11.1 Types of material
11.2 Semiconductor materials
11.3 Conduction in semiconductor materials
11.4 The p-n junction
11.5 Forward and reverse bias
11.6 Semiconductor diodes
11.7 Characteristics and maximum ratings
11.8 Rectification
11.9 Zener diodes
11.10 Silicon controlled rectifiers
11.11 Light emitting diodes
11.12 Varactor diodes
11.13 Schottky diodes
12 Transistors
12.1 Transistor classification
12.2 Bipolar junction transistors (BJT)
12.3 Transistor action
12.4 Leakage current
12.5 Bias and current flow
12.6 Transistor operating configurations
12.7 Bipolar transistor characteristics
12.8 Transistor parameters
12.9 Current gain
12.10 Typical BJT characteristics and maximum ratings
12.11 Field eftect transistors
12.12 Field efiect transistor characteristics
12.13 Typical FET characteristics and maximum ratings
12.14 Transistor amplifiers
12.15 Load lines
Revision Test 3
Main formulae for Part 1
Part 2 Electrical principles and technology
13 D.c. circuit theory
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Kirchhoff's laws
13.3 The superposition theorem
13.4 General d.c. circuit theory
13.5 Theven in's theorem
13.6 Constant-current source
13.7 Norton's theorem
13.8 Thevenin and Norton equivalent networks
13.9 Maximum power transfer theorem
14 Alternating voltages and currents
14.1 Introduction
14.2 The a.c. generator
14.3 Waveforms
14.4 A.c. values
14.5 Electrical safety - insulation and fuses
14.6 The equation of a sinusoidal waveform
14.7 Combination of waveforms
14.8 Rectification
14.9 Smoothing of the rectified output waveform
Revision Test 4
15 Single-phase series a.c. circuits
15.1 Purely resistive a.c. circuit
15.2 Purely inductive a.c. circuit
15.3 Purely capacitive a.c. circuit
15.4 R-L series a.c. circuit
15.5 R-C series a.c. circuit
15.6 R-L-C series a.c. circuit
15.7 Series resonance
15.8 Q-factor
15.9 Bandwidth and selectivity
15.10 Power in a.c. circuits
15.11 Power triangle and power factor
16 Single-phase parallel a.c. circuits
16.1 Introduction
16.2 R-L parallel a.c. circuit
16.3 R-C parallel a.c. circuit
16.4 L-C parallel a.c. circuit
16.5 LR-C parallel a.c. circuit
16.6 Parallel resonance and Q-factor
16.7 Power factor improvement
17 D.c. transients
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Charging a capacitor
17.3 Time constant for a C-R circuit
17.4 Transient curves for a C-R circuit
17.5 Discharging a capacitor
17.6 Camera flash
17.7 Current growth in an L-R circuit
17.8 Time constant for an L-R circuit
17.9 Transient curves for an L-R circuit
17.10 Current decay in an L-R circuit
17.11 Switching inductive circuits
17.12 The effect of time constant on a rectangular waveform
18 Operational amplifiers
18.1 Introduction to operational amplifiers
18.2 Some op amp parameters
18.3 Op amp inverting amplifier
18.4 Op amp non-inverting amplifier
18.5 Op amp voltage-follower
18.6 Op amp summing amplifier
18.7 Op amp voltage comparator
18.8 Op amp integrator
18.9 Op amp differential amplifier
18.10 Digital to analogue (D/A) conversion
18.11 Analogue to digital (A/D) conversion
Revision Test 5
19 Three-phase systems
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Three-phase supply
19.3 Star connection
19.4 Delta connection
19.5 Power in three-phase systems
19.6 Measurement of power in three-phase systems
19.7 Comparison of star and delta connections
19.8 Advantages of three-phase systems
20 Transformers
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Transformer principle of operation
20.3 Transformer no-load phasor diagram
20.4 E.m.f. equation of a transformer
20.5 Transformer on-load phasor diagram
20.6 Transformer construction
20.7 Equivalent circuit of a transformer
20.8 Regulation of a transformer
20.9 Transformer losses and efficiency
20.10 Resistance matching
20.11 Auto transformers
20.12 Isolating transformers
20.13 Three-phase transformers
20.14 Current transformers
20.15 Voltage transformers
Revision Test 6
21 D.c. machines
21.1 Introduction
21.2 The action of a commutator
21.3 D.c. machine construction
21.4 Shunt, series and compound windings
21.5 E.m.f. generated in an armature winding
21.6 D.c. generators
21.7 Types of d.c. generator and their characteristics
21.8 D.c. machine losses
21.9 Efficiency of a d.c. generator
21.10 D.c. motors
21.11 Torque of a d.c. machine
21.12 Types of d.c. motor and their characteristics
21.13 The efficiency of a d.c. motor
21.14 D.c. motor starter
21.15 Speed control of d.c. motors
21.16 Motor cooling
22 Three-phase induction motors
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Production of a rotating magnetic field
22.3 Synchronous speed
22.4 Construction of a three-phase induction motor
22.5 Principle of operation of a three-phase induction motor
22.6 Slip
22.7 Rotor e.m.f. and frequency
22.8 Rotor impedance and current
22.9 Rotor copper loss
22.10 Induction motor losses and efficiency
22.11 Torque equation for an induction motor
22.12 Induction motor torque-speed characteristics
22.13 Starting methods for induction motors
22.14 Advantages of squirrel-cage induction motors
22.15 Advantages of wound rotor induction motor
22.16 Double cage induction motor
22.17 Uses of three-phase induction motors
Revision Test 7
Main formulae for Part 2
Part 3 Advanced circuit theory and technology
23 Rev ision of complex numbers
23.1 Introduction
23.2 Operations involving Cartesian complex numbers
23.3 Complex equations
23.4 The polar form of a complex number
23.5 Multiplication and division using complex numbers in polar form
23.6 De Moivre's theorem — powers and roots of complex numbers
24 Application of complex numbers to series a.c. circuits
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Series a.c. circuits
24.3 Further worked problems on series a.c. circuits
25 Application of complex numbers to parallel a.c. networks
25.1 Introduction
25.2 Admittance, conductance and susceptance
25.3 Parallel a.c. networks
25.4 Further worked problems on parallel a.c. networks
26 Power in a.c. circuits
26.1 Introduction
26.2 Determination of power in a.c. circuits
26.3 Power triangle and power factor
26.4 Use of complex numbers for determination of power
26.5 Power factor improvement
Revision Test 8
27 A.c. bridges
27.1 Introduction
27.2 Balance conditions for an a.c. bridge
27.3 Types of a.c. bridge circuit
27.4 Worked problems on a.c. bridges
28 Series resonance and Q-factor
28.1 Introduction
28.2 Series resonance
28.3 Q-factor
28.4 Voltage magnification
28.5 Q-factors in series
28.6 Bandwidth
28.7 Small deviations from the resonant frequency
29 Parallel resonance and Q-factor
29.1 Introduction
29.2 The LR-C parallel network
29.3 Dynamic resistance
29.4 The LR-CR parallel network
29.5 Q-factor in a parallel network
29.6 Further worked problems on parallel resonance and Q-factor
Revision Test 9
30 Introduction to network analysis
30.1 Introduction
30.2 Solution of simultaneous equations using determinants
30.3 Network analysis using Kirchhoff's laws
31 Mesh-current and nodal analysis
31.1 Mesh-current analysis
31.2 Nodal analysis
32 The superposition theorem
32.1 Introduction
32.2 Using the superposition theorem
32.3 Further worked problems on the superposition theorem
33 Thevenin's and Norton's theorems
33.1 Introduction
33.2 Thevenin's theorem
33.3 Further worked problems on Thevenin's theorem
33.4 Norton's theorem
33.5 Thevenin and Norton equivalent networks
Revision Test 10
34 Delta-star and star-delta transformations
34.1 Introduction
34.2 Delta and star connections
34.3 Delta-star transformation
34.4 Star-delta transformation
35 Maximum power transfer theorems and impedance matching
35.1 Maximum power transfer theorems
35.2 Impedance matching
Revision Test 11
36 Complex waveforms
36.1 Introduction
36.2 The general equation for a complex waveform
36.3 Harmonic synthesis
36.4 Fourier series of periodic and non-periodic fiinctions
36.5 Even and odd functions and Fourier series over any range
36.6 Rms value, mean value and the form iactor of a complex wave
36.7 Power associated with complex waves
36.8 Harmonics in single-phase circuits
36.9 Further worked problems on harmonics in single-phase circuits
36.10 Resonance due to harmonics
36.11 Sources of harmonics
37 A numerical method of harmonic analysis
37.1 Introduction
37.2 Harmonic analysis on data given in tabular or graphical form
37.3 Complex waveform considerations
38 Magnetic materials
38.1 Revision of terms and units used with magnetic circuits
38.2 Magnetic properties of materials
38.3 Hysteresis and hysteresis loss
38.4 Eddy current loss
38.5 Separation of hysteresis and eddy current losses
38.6 Non-permanent magnetic materials
38.7 Permanent magnetic materials
Revision Test 12
39 Dielectrics and dielectric loss
39.1 Electric fields, capacitance and permittivity
39.2 Polarization
39.3 Dielectric strength
39.4 Thermal effects
39.5 Mechanical properties
39.6 Types of practical capacitor
39.7 Liquid dielectrics and gas insulation
39.8 Dielectric loss and loss angle
40 Field theory
40.1 Field plotting by curvilinear squares
40.2 Capacitance between concentric cylinders
40.3 Capacitance of an isolated twin line
40.4 Energy stored in an electric field
40.5 Induced e.m.f. and inductance
40.6 Inductance of a concentric cylinder (or coaxial cable)
40.7 Inductance of an isolated twin line
40.8 Energy stored in an electromagnetic field
41 Attenuators
41.1 Introduction
41.2 Characteristic impedance
41.3 Logarithmic ratios
41.4 Symmetrical T- and n-attenuators
41.5 Insertion loss
41.6 Asymmetrical T- and n -sections
41.7 The L-section attenuator
41.8 Two-port networks in cascade
41.9 ABCD parameters
41.10 ABCD parameters for networks
41.11 Characteristic impedance in terms of ABCD parameters
Revision Test 13
42 Filter networks
42.1 Introduction
42.2 Basic types of filter sections
42.3 The characteristic impedance and the attenuation of filter sections
42.4 Ladder networks
42.5 Low-pass filter sections
42.6 High-pass filter sections
42.7 Propagation coefficient and time delay in filter sections
42.8 'm-derived' filter sections
42.9 Practical composite filters
43 Magnetically coupled circuits
43.1 Introduction
43.2 Self-inductance
43.3 Mutual inductance
43.4 Coupling coefficient
43.5 Coils connected in series
43.6 Coupled circuits
43.7 Dot rule for coupled circuits
44 Transmission lines
44.1 Introduction
44.2 Transmission line primary constants
44.3 Phase delay, wavelength and velocity of propagation
44.4 Current and voltage relationships
44.5 Characteristic impedance and propagation coefficient in terms of the primary constants
44.6 Distortion on transmission lines
44.7 Wave reflection and the reflection coefficient
44.8 Standing waves and the standing wave ratio
45 Transients and Laplace transforms
45.1 Introduction
45.2 Response of R-C series circuit to a step input
45.3 Response of R-L series circuit to a step input
45.4 L-R-C series circuit response
45.5 Introduction to Laplace transforms
45.6 Inverse Laplace transforms and the solution of differential equations
45.7 Laplace transform analysis directly from the circuit diagram
45.8 L-R-C series circuit using Laplace transforms
45.9 Initial conditions
Revision Test 14
Main formulae for Part 3: Adv anced circuit theory and technology
Part 4 General reference
Standard electrical quantities — their symbols and units
Greek alphabet
Common prefixes
Resistor colour coding and ohmic values
Index
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